Design of Steel Structures

81. Gantry girders are designed to resist

1. Lateral loads
2. Longitudinal loads and vertical loads
3. Lateral, longitudinal and vertical loads
4. Lateral and longitudinal loads

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82. Generally the purlins are placed at the panel points so as to avoid

1. Axial force in rafter
2. Shear force in rafter
3. Deflection of rafter
4. Bending moment in rafter

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83. Horizontal stiffener in a plate girder is provided to safeguard against

1. Shear buckling of web plate
2. Compression buckling of web plate
3. Yielding
4. All of the above

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84. Hudson's formula gives the dead weight of a truss bridge as a function of

1. Bottom chord area
2. Top chord area
3. Effective span of bridge
4. Heaviest axle load of engine

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85. If a pair of angles placed back to back in tension are connected by one leg of each angle, the net effective area of the section, is

1. a - [b/{1 + 0.35 (b/a)}]
2. a + [b/{1 + 0.35 (b/a)}]
3. a - [b/{1 + 0.2 (b/a)}]
4. a + [b/{1 + 0.2 (b/a)}]

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86. If d is the distance between the flange angles of a plate girder, vertical stiffeners are provided at a distance not greater than

1. d but not less than 0.20 d
2. 1.25 d but not less than 0.33 d
3. 1.5 d but not less than 0.33 d
4. 2.0 d but not less than 0.50 d

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87. If d is the distance between the flange angles,

1. Vertical stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/85
2. Vertical stiffeners are provided in high tensile steel plate girders if the web is less than d/175
3. Horizontal stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/200
4. All the above

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88. If d is the distance between the flange angles, the vertical stiffeners in plate girders are spaced not greater than

1. d
2. 1.25 d
3. 1.5 d
4. 1.75 d

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89. If d is the distance between the flange angles, the vertical stiffeners in plate girders without horizontal stiffeners, are spaced at a distance not less than

1. 0.15 d
2. 0.22 d
3. 0.33 d
4. 0.44 d

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90. If 'f' is the maximum allowable bending stress in a tension member whose radius of gyration is 'r' and depth is 2y, the required cross sectional area 'A' is given by

1. A = My/fr²
2. A = My²/fr²
3. A = My/fr
4. A = My/f²r²

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